What Is a Frozen Shoulder?
Before diving into the solution, it's important to understand the problem. A frozen shoulder occurs when the strong connective tissue surrounding your shoulder joint, known as the shoulder capsule, becomes thick, stiff, and inflamed. This process typically happens in three stages:
- Freezing Stage: A slow onset of pain. As the pain worsens, your shoulder loses range of motion. This can last from 6 weeks to 9 months.
- Frozen Stage: Pain may actually improve during this stage, but the stiffness remains. Your shoulder becomes increasingly difficult to move. This stage can last 4 to 6 months.
- Thawing Stage: The range of motion in your shoulder slowly begins to improve. This can take anywhere from 6 months to 2 years.
The goal of any effective treatment is to manage pain and restore mobility, hopefully shortening these painful stages. This is where dry needling comes in.
What is Dry Needling? (How It Differs from Acupuncture)
Dry needling is a modern, evidence-based technique performed by trained physiotherapists, chiropractors, and medical doctors. It involves inserting a very thin, solid filiform needle into the skin and muscle to target myofascial trigger points, commonly referred to as muscle “knots.” This precise stimulation helps release deep tension, improve circulation, and promote natural healing within affected tissues.
What Are Trigger Points?
Trigger points are tight, hyper-irritable bands of muscle that can cause local pain, limit movement, and even refer pain to other areas. In frozen shoulder, these trigger points often develop in muscles such as the deltoid, rotator cuff group, and upper back, worsening stiffness and discomfort.
Dry Needling vs. Acupuncture: The Key Difference
Although both techniques use similar needles, their foundations and goals are entirely different:
- Acupuncture is rooted in Traditional Chinese Medicine and aims to restore the flow of Qi (energy) along meridian pathways to improve overall well-being.
- Dry Needling is based on Western anatomy, neurophysiology, and scientific principles. It specifically targets dysfunctional muscles to release tension, reduce pain, and improve movement.
Why Dry Needling Helps in Frozen Shoulder
For a frozen shoulder, dry needling focuses on releasing tight, overactive muscles that contribute to restricted movement and pain. By relaxing these trigger points, it enhances mobility, reduces guarding, and prepares the shoulder for more effective manual therapy and stretching.
How Dry Needling Therapy for Frozen Shoulder Works
A frozen shoulder isn't just a problem within the joint capsule; it causes a major dysfunctional pattern in the surrounding muscles. Muscles like the rotator cuff, deltoids, lats, and upper traps work overtime and develop painful trigger points, further restricting movement and causing pain.
Dry needling therapy for frozen shoulder provides relief in several key ways: Dry needling targets both pain and mobility restrictions. By addressing the muscular component of the condition, it supports faster and more comfortable recovery. Here’s how it helps:
- 1. Releases stubborn Trigger Points: The primary goal is to target the knotted muscles around the shoulder. When the needle is inserted into a trigger point, it often elicits a "local twitch response"—an involuntary spinal cord reflex that causes the muscle fiber to contract and then relax. This effectively "reboots" the muscle, releasing tension and easing pain.
- 2. Reduces Pain and Inflammation: The needle insertion creates a micro-lesion that stimulates the body's natural healing process. It increases blood flow to the area, bringing oxygen and nutrients while flushing out inflammatory chemicals. It also helps disrupt the pain signals being sent to the brain.
- 3. Improves Range of Motion: By releasing the tight muscles that are "guarding" the stiff joint, dry needling allows the shoulder to move more freely. This makes subsequent physical therapy exercises and stretches far more effective and less painful.
- 4. Restores Muscle Activation: When muscles are in a constant state of pain and tightness, they don't function properly. Dry needling helps restore normal muscle function, allowing for better-coordinated and stronger movements as you recover.
What to Expect During a Dry Needling Session
If you’re considering dry needling for frozen shoulder (adhesive capsulitis), it helps to know exactly what the process looks and feels like. A typical session is straightforward, structured, and designed to maximise both comfort and therapeutic benefit. Here’s how the treatment generally unfolds:
- Assessment: Your therapist will first assess your shoulder's range of motion, strength, and locate the specific trigger points in the muscles of your shoulder, upper back, and chest that are contributing to your condition.
- Positioning: You will be positioned comfortably, usually lying down, to allow the therapist easy access to the targeted muscles.
- The Procedure: The therapist will clean the skin and insert the thin needles into the identified trigger points. You might feel a small prick, but often the insertion is painless. The sensation you're looking for is the local twitch response, which can feel like a brief muscle cramp or spasm. This is a sign the treatment is working.
- Post-Treatment: After the needles are removed, you may feel some muscle soreness, similar to what you’d feel after a tough workout. Your therapist will likely recommend gentle stretching, applying heat, and staying hydrated to minimize this.
Take the Next Step Towards a Pain-Free Shoulder
If you're tired of the pain, stiffness, and limitations caused by a frozen shoulder, dry needling therapy may be the solution that finally helps you move forward. By directly releasing deep muscle tightness and trigger points, it can accelerate healing, reduce discomfort, and restore smoother, more functional movement. With the right guidance, dry needling becomes a powerful addition to your overall recovery plan.
At Physiotattva physiotherapy clinics in Bangalore and Hyderabad, you receive personalised care tailored to your specific needs, ensuring effective results and comfort throughout your journey to recovery.
Don’t wait to start your recovery! Get in touch with Physiotattva for more details! Contact us at +91 89510 47001.